Journal Article > ResearchFull Text
BMC Infect Dis. 2017 June 12; Volume 17 (Issue 1); DOI:10.1186/s12879-017-2499-1
Swaminathan A, du Cros PAK, Seddon JA, Mirgayosieva S, Asladdin R, et al.
BMC Infect Dis. 2017 June 12; Volume 17 (Issue 1); DOI:10.1186/s12879-017-2499-1
Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug resistant (MDR)-TB with additional resistance to injectable agents or fluoroquinolones are challenging to treat due to lack of available, effective drugs. Linezolid is one of the few drugs that has shown promise in treating these conditions. Long-term linezolid use is associated with toxicities such as peripheral and optic neuropathies. Diabetes mellitus (DM), especially when uncontrolled, can also result in peripheral neuropathy. The global burden of DM is increasing, and DM has been associated with a three-fold increased risk of developing TB disease. TB and DM can be a challenging combination to treat. DM can inhibit the host immune response to tuberculosis infection; and TB and some anti-TB drugs can worsen glycaemic control. A child experiencing neuropathy that is a possible complication of both DM and linezolid used to treat TB has not been reported previously. We report peripheral neuropathy in a 15-year-old boy with type 1 DM, diagnosed with MDR-TB and additional resistance to injectable TB medications.
Journal Article > ResearchFull Text
J Int AIDS Soc. 2017 June 23; Volume 20 (Issue 1); DOI:10.7448/IAS.20.1.21327
Fenner L, Atkinson A, Boulle AM, Fox MP, Prozesky HW, et al.
J Int AIDS Soc. 2017 June 23; Volume 20 (Issue 1); DOI:10.7448/IAS.20.1.21327
Chronic immune activation due to ongoing HIV replication may lead to impaired immune responses against opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis (TB). We studied the role of HIV replication as a risk factor for incident TB after starting antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Journal Article > ResearchFull Text
PLOS One. 2014 September 24; Volume 9 (Issue 9); DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0108591
Horter SCB, Stringer B, Venis S, du Cros PAK
PLOS One. 2014 September 24; Volume 9 (Issue 9); DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0108591
In 2011, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) established a blogging project, "TB&Me," to enable patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) to share their experiences. By September 2012, 13 MDR-TB patients had blogged, either directly or with assistance, from the UK, Australia, Philippines, Swaziland, Central African Republic, Uganda, South Africa, India, and Armenia. Due to the lack of research on the potential for social media to support MDR-TB treatment and the innovative nature of the blog, we decided to conduct a qualitative study to examine patient and staff experiences. Our aim was to identify potential risks and benefits associated with blogging to enable us to determine whether social media had a role to play in supporting patients with MDR-TB.
Journal Article > ResearchFull Text
PLOS One. 2015 February 6; Volume 10 (Issue 2); DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0118191
Orikiriza P, Tibenderana B, Siedner MJ, Mueller YK, Byarugaba F, et al.
PLOS One. 2015 February 6; Volume 10 (Issue 2); DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0118191
There are limited data on region-specific drug susceptibility of tuberculosis (TB) in Uganda. We performed resistance testing on specimens collected from treatment-naive patients with pulmonary TB in Southwestern Uganda for first and second line anti-TB drugs. We sought to provide data to guide regional recommendations for empiric TB therapy.
Journal Article > ResearchFull Text
AIDS. 2013 October 23; Volume 27 (Issue 16); DOI:10.1097/01.aids.0000432456.14099.c7
Laureillard D, Marcy O, Madec Y, Chea S, Chan S, et al.
AIDS. 2013 October 23; Volume 27 (Issue 16); DOI:10.1097/01.aids.0000432456.14099.c7
To analyze cases of paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in the CAMbodian Early versus Late Introduction of Antiretrovirals (CAMELIA) randomized trial designed to compare early (2 weeks) versus late (8 weeks) antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation after tuberculosis treatment onset in Cambodia (NCT00226434).
Journal Article > CommentaryFull Text
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017 July 17; Volume 196 (Issue 11); DOI:10.1164/rccm.201705-0988LE
Varaine FFV, Guglielmetti L, Mitnick CD
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017 July 17; Volume 196 (Issue 11); DOI:10.1164/rccm.201705-0988LE
Journal Article > Short ReportFull Text
Lancet Infect Dis. 2018 March 13; Volume 18 (Issue 9); DOI:10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30104-X
Cox HS, Hughes J, Black JM, Nicol MP
Lancet Infect Dis. 2018 March 13; Volume 18 (Issue 9); DOI:10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30104-X
Treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis is largely delivered through standardised, empirical combination regimens in low-resource, high-burden settings. However, individualised treatment, guided by detailed drug susceptibility testing, probably results in improved individual outcomes and is the standard of care in well-resourced settings. Driven by the urgent need to scale up treatment provision, new tuberculosis drugs, incorporated into standardised regimens, are being tested. Although standardised regimens are expected to improve access to treatment in high-burden settings, they are also likely to contribute to the emergence of resistance, even with good clinical management. We argue that a balance is required between the need to improve treatment access and the imperative to minimise resistance amplification and provide the highest standard of care, through a precision medicine approach. In tuberculosis, as in other diseases, we should aim to reduce the entrenched inequalities that manifest as different standards of care in different settings.
Journal Article > CommentaryFull Text
Lancet Public Health. 2018 March 23; Volume 3 (Issue 4); DOI:10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30049-5
Godreuil S, Marcy O, Wobudeya E, Bonnet MMB, Solassol J
Lancet Public Health. 2018 March 23; Volume 3 (Issue 4); DOI:10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30049-5
Journal Article > ResearchFull Text
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2013 September 29; Volume 107 (Issue 11); DOI:10.1093/trstmh/trt090
Liddle KF, Elema R, Thi SS, Venis S
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2013 September 29; Volume 107 (Issue 11); DOI:10.1093/trstmh/trt090
Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) provides TB treatment in Galkayo and Marere in Somalia. MSF international supervisory staff withdrew in 2008 owing to insecurity but maintained daily communication with Somali staff. In this paper, we aimed to assess the feasibility of treating TB in a complex emergency setting and describe the programme adaptations implemented to facilitate acceptable treatment outcomes.
Journal Article > CommentaryFull Text
Trop Med Int Health. 2011 August 10; Volume 16 (Issue 11); DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02863.x
Tayler-Smith K, Zachariah R, Manzi M, Kizito W, Vandenbulcke A, et al.
Trop Med Int Health. 2011 August 10; Volume 16 (Issue 11); DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02863.x