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TB Union Conference 2022 | Collections | MSF Science Portal

Innovation in preventing, diagnosing and treating drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) cannot come fast enough—especially given the ground lost due to the Covid-19 pandemic, and with only 1 in 3 people who have DR-TB now receiving care. The content collection linked below offers a snapshot of recent TB work by MSF and collaborators to help change this picture. The TB-PRACTECAL and endTB studies have delivered clear evidence for shorter, safer, more effective treatments against drug-resistant (DR)-TB. Faced with the many hurdles that lie ahead before these and other critical interventions can be widely accessible, other studies investigate patient/family-based models of care adapted to complex settings and neglected groups, including children. Last, several authors explore limited but potentially important options for expanding diagnosis and preventive treatment.

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The climate crisis and health in humanitarian settings
The climate crisis and health in humanitarian settings
The climate crisis is also a health and humanitarian crisis, disproportionately impacting people in the world’s most climate-sensitive regions—mainly low- and low-middle income countries with the least capacity to respond. MSF and other humanitarian organizations witness the consequences daily. More frequent, intense weather events and a warming planet contribute to food and water scarcity, more severe and widespread disease outbreaks, and more injuries and preventable deaths. They also drive massive population displacement, with over 32 million people fleeing their homes in 2022 alone due to floods, drought, storms and fire—nearly triple the number displaced by violence and conflict. To mark Earth Day 2024 (22 April) we present a cross-section of work by MSF and collaborators, drawing from a range of data sources and from first-hand experience at our medical projects. Emphasizing the urgency of adapting humanitarian operations to the climate crisis, the collection also explores loss and damage through a health lens, proposes policies and practices for creating climate-resilient health organizations, and advocates for embedding fair, just ethics perspectives into humanitarian action and research on climate.
World Hepatitis Day 2024
World Hepatitis Day 2024

Viral hepatitis is a significant cause of disease and death globally. Yet powerful new medical tools to combat hepatitis C and E still reach only a tiny fraction of people who desperately need them, especially in low-resource and emergency settings.


To mark World Hepatitis Day (July 28th) we highlight recent MSF research on making these breakthrough products more widely accessible and simpler to use.


For hepatitis C, where groundbreaking antiviral drugs can cure nearly all patients, MSF is developing comprehensive, community-based models of care that offer rapid screening, diagnosis, and treatment under one roof. In some settings programs focus on the specific needs of highly vulnerable populations, such as people living in remote areas, forcibly displaced refugees, or those co-infected with HIV or TB or who inject drugs.


Turning to prevention, MSF is exploring ways to use the Hepatitis E vaccine more effectively in areas where poor sanitation and water quality regularly lead to outbreaks. Studies in a South Sudanese camp for internally displaced people are strengthening evidence for the vaccine’s feasibility, efficacy, safety and community acceptance, especially for pregnant women and their fetuses. Another report analyzes strategies for overcoming barriers to widespread vaccine adoption.

Mini-Lab—MSF's simplified bacteriology laboratory for low-resource settings
Mini-Lab—MSF's simplified bacteriology laboratory for low-res...
Resistance to antibiotics is a growing public health crisis, especially in countries with fragile health systems and in regions at war. One key limitation in most of these settings is a lack of clinical bacteriology laboratory capacity, which leaves medical providers without ways to accurately diagnose patient infections and to tailor antibiotic treatment accordingly. To help fill this critical gap, MSF and partners have developed the Mini-Lab—a small-scale, standalone lab that is easy to transport, set up and operate by staff after only a short training. Its six modules are stocked with everything needed to diagnose common bloodstream and urinary tract infections and to perform antibiotic sensitivity testing using methods adapted to extremely hot climates and remote settings. With Mini-Lab now being rolled out to selected MSF projects, here we highlight the background to its development and some of the research behind the bacteriological tests it incorporates.
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Journal Article
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Pre-Print

Cost-effectiveness of short, oral treatment regimens for rifampicin resistant tuberculosis

Sweeney S, Berry C, Kazounis E, Motta I, Vassall A,  et al.
2022-11-10 • medRxiv
2022-11-10 • medRxiv
INTRODUCTION
Current options for treating tuberculosis (TB) that is resistant to rifampicin (RR-TB) are few, and regimens are often long and poorly tolerated. Following recent eviden...
Technical Report
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Policy Brief

DR-TB drugs under the microscope 2022

MSF Access Campaign
2022-11-08
2022-11-08
TB was the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent until the COVID pandemic. The number of people newly diagnosed with TB in 2020 fell by 18% from the previous year due to ...
Journal Article
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Research

Safety and effectiveness outcomes from a 14-country cohort of patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis treated concomitantly with bedaquiline, delamanid and other second-line drugs

Huerga H, Khan UT, Bastard M, Mitnick CD, Lachenal N,  et al.
2022-10-15 • Clinical Infectious Diseases
2022-10-15 • Clinical Infectious Diseases
BACKGROUND
Concomitant use of bedaquiline (Bdq) and delamanid (Dlm) for multi-drug/rifampicin resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) has raised concerns about a potentially poor risk-ben...
Journal Article
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Letter

Family directly observed therapy for children with drug-resistant TB

Rekart ML, Morshed T, Mulanda WK, Klieascikova J, Sitali N,  et al.
2022-08-01 • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
2022-08-01 • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Conference Material
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Abstract

24-week regimens for treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis: four-arm randomised trial

Berry C, Motta I, Kazounis E, Fielding K, Dodd M,  et al.
2022-05-11 • MSF Scientific Days International 2022
2022-05-11 • MSF Scientific Days International 2022
INTRODUCTION
Rifamipcin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) affects around 465,000 people each year globally. Current treatment is of 9-20 months’ duration; is toxic and poorly efficaciou...
Conference Material
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Slide Presentation

Pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in two closely monitored cohorts

Lachenal N, Hewison CCH, Berry C, Mitnick CD, Ahmed SM,  et al.
2022-05-11 • MSF Scientific Days International 2022
2022-05-11 • MSF Scientific Days International 2022
Journal Blog
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Perspective

6 months TB treatment for (almost) all

Berry C
2022-05-10 • PLoS Blogs
2022-05-10 • PLoS Blogs
Journal Article
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Commentary

Recently developed drugs for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis: a research and development case study

Perrin C, Athersuch K, Elder G, Martin M, Alsalhani A
2022-04-19 • BMJ Global Health
2022-04-19 • BMJ Global Health
Two drugs with novel mechanisms of action, the diarylquinoline bedaquiline and the nitroimidazole delamanid—as well as pretomanid from the same class of drugs as delamanid—have recently ...
Journal Article
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Research

Person-centred care and short oral treatment for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis improve retention in care in Kandahar, Afghanistan

Mesic A, Ishaq S, Khan WH, Mureed A, Mar HT,  et al.
2022-01-03 • Tropical Medicine and International Health
2022-01-03 • Tropical Medicine and International Health
OBJECTIVES
To describe the effect of adaptations to a person-centred care with short oral regimens on retention in care for rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) in Kandahar province, Afgh...
Journal Article
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Commentary

Introducing new and repurposed TB drugs: the endTB experience

Seung KJ, Khan UT, Varaine FFV, Ahmed SM, Bastard M,  et al.
2020-10-01 • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
2020-10-01 • International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
In 2015, the initiative Expand New Drug Markets for TB (endTB) began, with the objective of reducing barriers to access to the new and repurposed TB drugs. Here we describe the major imp...
TB Union Conference 2022

TB Union Conference 2022